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271 lines
12 KiB
271 lines
12 KiB
% ======================================================================
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% common-parmarkup.tex
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% Copyright (c) Markus Kohm, 2001-2020
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%
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% This file is part of the LaTeX2e KOMA-Script bundle.
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%
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% This work may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions of
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% the LaTeX Project Public License, version 1.3c of the license.
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% The latest version of this license is in
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% http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
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% and version 1.3c or later is part of all distributions of LaTeX
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% version 2005/12/01 or later and of this work.
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%
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% This work has the LPPL maintenance status "author-maintained".
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%
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% The Current Maintainer and author of this work is Markus Kohm.
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%
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% This work consists of all files listed in manifest.txt.
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% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
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% common-parmarkup.tex
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% Copyright (c) Markus Kohm, 2001-2020
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%
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% Dieses Werk darf nach den Bedingungen der LaTeX Project Public Lizenz,
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% Version 1.3c, verteilt und/oder veraendert werden.
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% Die neuste Version dieser Lizenz ist
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% http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
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% und Version 1.3c ist Teil aller Verteilungen von LaTeX
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% Version 2005/12/01 oder spaeter und dieses Werks.
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%
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% Dieses Werk hat den LPPL-Verwaltungs-Status "author-maintained"
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% (allein durch den Autor verwaltet).
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%
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% Der Aktuelle Verwalter und Autor dieses Werkes ist Markus Kohm.
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%
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% Dieses Werk besteht aus den in manifest.txt aufgefuehrten Dateien.
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% ======================================================================
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%
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% Paragraphs that are common for several chapters of the KOMA-Script guide
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% Maintained by Markus Kohm
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%
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% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
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%
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% Absaetze, die mehreren Kapiteln der KOMA-Script-Anleitung gemeinsam sind
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% Verwaltet von Markus Kohm
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%
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% ======================================================================
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\KOMAProvidesFile{common-parmarkup.tex}
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[$Date: 2020-03-12 08:27:32 +0100 (Thu, 12 Mar 2020) $
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KOMA-Script guide (common paragraph: Paragraph Markup)]
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\translator{Gernot Hassenpflug\and Markus Kohm\and Krickette Murabayashi\and
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Karl Hagen}
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% Date of the translated German file: 2020-03-12
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\section{Marking Paragraphs}
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\seclabel{parmarkup}%
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\BeginIndexGroup
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\BeginIndex{}{paragraph>marking}%
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\IfThisCommonLabelBase{maincls}{%
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The\textnote{paragraph indent vs. paragraph spacing} standard classes
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normally set paragraphs\Index[indexmain]{paragraph} indented and without any
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vertical, inter-paragraph space. This is the best solution when using a
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regular page layout like the ones produced with the \Package{typearea}
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package. If neither indentation nor vertical space is used, only the length
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of the last line would give the reader a guide to the paragraph break. In
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extreme cases, it is very difficult to tell whether a line is full or not.
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Furthermore, typographers find that a signal given at the paragraph's end is
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easily forgotten by the start of the next line. A signal at the paragraph's
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beginning is more easily remembered. Inter-paragraph spacing has the
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drawback of disappearing in some contexts. For instance, after a displayed
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formula it would be impossible to detect if the previous paragraph continues
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or a new one begins. Also, at the top of a new page, it might be necessary
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to look at the previous page to determine if a new paragraph has been
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started or not. All these problems disappear when using indentation. A
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combination of indentation and vertical inter-paragraph spacing is redundant
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and therefore should be avoided. Indentation\Index[indexmain]{indentation}
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alone is sufficient. The only drawback of indentation is that it shortens
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the line length. The use of inter-paragraph spacing\Index{paragraph>spacing}
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is therefore justified when using short lines, such as in a newspaper.%
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}{%
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\IfThisCommonLabelBase{scrlttr2}{%
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The preliminaries of \autoref{sec:maincls.parmarkup},
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\autopageref{sec:maincls.parmarkup} explain why paragraph indentation is
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preferred to paragraph spacing. But the elements to which this explanation
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refers, for example figures, tables, lists, equations, and even new pages,
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are rare in normal letters. Letters are usually not so long that an
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unrecognised paragraph will have serious consequences to the readability
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of the document. The arguments for indentation, therefore, are less
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consequential for standard letters. This may be one reason that you often
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find paragraphs in letters marked with vertical spacing. But two
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advantages of paragraph indentation remain. One is that such a letter
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stands out from the crowd. Another is that it maintains the \emph{brand
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identity}, that is the uniform appearance, of all documents from a single
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source.%
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}{\InternalCommonFileUsageError}%
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} %
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\IfThisCommonFirstRun{}{%
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Apart from these suggestions, the information described in
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\autoref{sec:\ThisCommonFirstLabelBase.parmarkup} for the other
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\KOMAScript{} classes is valid for letters too. So if you have already read
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and understood \autoref{sec:\ThisCommonFirstLabelBase.parmarkup} you can
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skip ahead to \autoref{sec:\ThisCommonLabelBase.parmarkup.next} on
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\autopageref{sec:\ThisCommonLabelBase.parmarkup.next}.%
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\IfThisCommonLabelBase{scrlttr2}{ %
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This also applies if you work not with the
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\Class{scrlttr2}\OnlyAt{scrlttr2} class but with the \Package{scrletter}
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package. The package does not provide its own settings for paragraph
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formatting but relies entirely on the class being used.%
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}{}%
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}
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\begin{Declaration}
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\OptionVName{parskip}{method}
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\end{Declaration}
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\IfThisCommonLabelBase{maincls}{%
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Once in a while you may require a document layout with vertical
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inter-paragraph spacing instead of indentation. The \KOMAScript{} classes
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provide several ways to accomplish this with the
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\Option{parskip}\ChangedAt{v3.00}{\Class{scrbook}\and \Class{scrreprt}\and
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\Class{scrartcl}} option.%
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}{%
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\IfThisCommonLabelBase{scrlttr2}{%
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In letters, you often encounter paragraphs marked not by indentation of
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the first line but by a vertical space between them. The \KOMAScript{}
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class \Class{scrlttr2}\OnlyAt{scrlttr2} provides ways to accomplish this
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with the \Option{parskip} option.%
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}{\InternalCommonFileUsageError}%
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} %
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The \PName{method} consists of two elements. The first element is either
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\PValue{full}\important{\OptionValue{parskip}{full}\\
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\OptionValue{parskip}{half}} or \PValue{half}, where \PValue{full} stands
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for a paragraph spacing of one line and \PValue{half} stands for a paragraph
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spacing of half a line. The second element consists of one of the characters
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``\PValue{*}'', ``\PValue{+}'', or ``\PValue{-}'' and can be omitted. Without
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the second element\important{\OptionVName{parskip}{distance}}, the final line
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of a paragraph will end with a white space of at least 1\Unit{em}. With the
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plus character as the second element%
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\important{\OptionValue{parskip}{\PName{distance}+}}, the white space will be
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at least one third\,---\,and with the
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asterisk\important{\OptionValue{parskip}{\PName{distance}*}} one
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fourth\,---\,the width of a normal line. With the minus variant%
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\important{\OptionValue{parskip}{\PName{Abstand}-}}, no provision is made for
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white space in the last line of a paragraph.
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You can change the setting at any time. If you change it inside the document,
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the \Macro{selectfont}\IndexCmd{selectfont}%
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\IfThisCommonLabelBase{maincls}{%
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\ChangedAt{v3.08}{\Class{scrbook}\and \Class{scrreprt}\and
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\Class{scrartcl}}%
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}{%
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\IfThisCommonLabelBase{scrlttr2}{%
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\ChangedAt{v3.08}{\Class{scrlttr2}}%
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}{%
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\InternalComonFileUsageError%
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}%
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} %
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command will be called implicitly. Changes to paragraph spacing within a
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paragraph will not be visible until the end of the paragraph.
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In addition to the resulting eight combinations for \PName{method}, you can
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use the values for simple switches shown in \autoref{tab:truefalseswitch},
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\autopageref{tab:truefalseswitch}. Activating the option%
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\important{\Option{parskip}\\\OptionValue{parskip}{true}} corresponds to using
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\PValue{full} with no second element and therefore results in inter-paragraph
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spacing of one line with at least 1\Unit{em} white space at the end of the
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last line of each paragraph. Deactivating%
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\important{\OptionValue{parskip}{false}} the option re-activates the default
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indentation of 1\Unit{em} at the first line of the paragraph instead of
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paragraph spacing. A summary of all possible values for \PName{method} are
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shown in \autoref{tab:\ThisCommonFirstLabelBase.parskip}%
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\IfThisCommonFirstRun{.%
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\begin{desclist}
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% \begin{table}
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\desccaption
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% \caption
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[{Available values of option \Option{parskip}}]{%
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Available values of option \Option{parskip} to select
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how paragraph are
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distinguished\label{tab:\ThisCommonFirstLabelBase.parskip}%
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}%
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{%
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Available values of option \Option{parskip} (\emph{continuation})%
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}%
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% \begin{desctabular}
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\entry{\PValue{false}, \PValue{off}, \PValue{no}%
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\IndexOption{parskip~=\textKValue{false}}}{%
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Paragraphs are identified by indentation of the first line by 1em.
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There is no spacing requirement at the end of the last line
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of a paragraph.}%
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\entry{\PValue{full}, \PValue{true}, \PValue{on}, \PValue{yes}%
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\IndexOption{parskip~=\textKValue{full}}%
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}{%
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Paragraphs are identified by a vertical space of one line between
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paragraphs. There must be at least 1\Unit{em} of free space at the
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end of the last line of the paragraph.}%
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\pventry{full-}{%
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Paragraphs are identified by a vertical space of one line between
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paragraphs. There is no spacing requirement at the end of the last line
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of a paragraph.\IndexOption{parskip~=\textKValue{full-}}}%
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\pventry{full+}{%
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Paragraphs are identified by a vertical space of one line between
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paragraphs. There must be at least a third of a line of free space at the
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end of a paragraph.\IndexOption{parskip~=\textKValue{full+}}}%
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\pventry{full*}{%
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Paragraphs are identified by a vertical space of one line between
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paragraphs. There must be at least a quarter of a line of free space at
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the end of a paragraph.\IndexOption{parskip~=\textKValue{full*}}}%
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\pventry{half}{%
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Paragraphs are identified by a vertical space of half a line between
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paragraphs. There must be at least 1\Unit{em} free space at the end of the
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last line of a paragraph.\IndexOption{parskip~=\textKValue{half}}}%
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\pventry{half-}{%
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Paragraphs are identified by a vertical space of half a line between
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paragraphs. There is no spacing requirement at the end of the last line
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of a paragraph.\IndexOption{parskip~=\textKValue{half-}}}%
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\pventry{half+}{%
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Paragraphs are identified by a vertical space of half a line between
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paragraphs. There must be at least a third of a line of free space at the
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end of a paragraph.\IndexOption{parskip~=\textKValue{half+}}}%
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\pventry{half*}{%
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Paragraphs are identified by a vertical space of half a line between
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paragraphs. There must be at least a quarter of a line of free space at
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the end of a paragraph.\IndexOption{parskip~=\textKValue{half*}}}%
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\pventry{never}{%
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No%
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\IfThisCommonLabelBase{maincls}{%
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\ChangedAt{v3.08}{\Class{scrbook}\and \Class{scrreprt}\and
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\Class{scrartcl}}%
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}{%
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\IfThisCommonLabelBase{scrlttr2}{%
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\ChangedAt{v3.08}{\Class{scrlttr2}}%
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}{}%
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} %
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inter-paragraph spacing will be inserted even if additional vertical
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spacing is needed for vertical adjustment with
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\Macro{flushbottom}.\IndexCmd{flushbottom}%
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\IndexOption{parskip~=\textKValue{never}}}%
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% \end{desctabular}
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% \end{table}%
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\end{desclist}%
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}{ at \autopageref{tab:\ThisCommonFirstLabelBase.parskip}.}
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All\textnote{Attention!} eight \PValue{full} and \PValue{half} option values
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also change the spacing before, after, and inside list environments. This
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prevents these environments or the paragraphs inside them from having
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a larger separation than that between the paragraphs of normal text.%
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\IfThisCommonLabelBase{maincls}{ %
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Additionally, these options ensure that the table of contents and the lists
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of figures and tables are set without any additional spacing.%
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}{ %
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Several elements of the letterhead are always set without inter-paragraph
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spacing.%
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}%
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The default\textnote{default} behaviour of \KOMAScript{} is
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\OptionValue{parskip}{false}. In this case, there is no spacing between
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paragraphs, only an indentation of the first line by 1\Unit{em}.%
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%
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\EndIndexGroup
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%
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\EndIndexGroup
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%%% Local Variables:
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%%% mode: latex
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%%% coding: us-ascii
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%%% TeX-master: "../guide"
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%%% End:
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